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From Militant Democracy to a Rights-Based Paradigm: The Evolution of the Turkish Constitutional Court’s Interpretation of Secularism

Introduction A key debate in Türkiye is the ideal relationship between religion and state. When the Republic of Türkiye was founded in 1923, it adopted Islam as the official religion, but gradually adopted a secular system. In this context, the caliphate was abolished in 1924, the regulation stating that Islam was the official religion of …