Introduction A key debate in Türkiye is the ideal relationship between religion and state. When the Republic of Türkiye was founded in 1923, it adopted Islam as the official religion, but gradually adopted a secular system. In this context, the caliphate was abolished in 1924, the regulation stating that Islam was the official religion of … →
A constitutional or supreme court that annuls a democratic election no longer merely reviews the exercise of public power as part of the system of checks and balances; it places itself, functionally, above the executive and legislative powers. In December 2024, the Constitutional Court of Romania (CCR) did exactly that: by Ruling no. 32/2024, … →
Imagine a politician winning a democratic election. He/She enters office with a mandate from thousands of voters, only to discover that an unelected official can remove him from office, invalidate laws adopted by parliament, and effectively reshape the constitutional framework within which he operates. In most constitutional democracies, such a scenario would appear inconceivable. In … →
